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About Southern Oregon miner. (Ashland, Or.) 1935-1946 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 20, 1945)
Southern Oregon Miner, Thursday, September 20, 1045 Japs Surrender on USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay EDI I OH'S N OTE: Thu nrn.pnpvr, through i f r a t l arrangeme I uith the Washington Bureau i f H'olern N t o t - paper Union at 1610 Eye Street, N . H \ Washington, D. C., it able to bring reaJen this u eetiy column on prob lems of the eetetan and itrricem an and bis family, Q u eitiom may be ad- d reu ed to the above Bureau and they u ill be antuered in a subsequent col- «uin. No- replies s in be made direct by mail, but only in the column uhich u ill appear in this nene paper regularly. the /N® By P aul M allon Released by Western Newspaper Union. REAL AMERICAN FOREIGN POLICY BEING FORMED W ASHINGTON. — I’he switch of Mr. Braden for Mr. Rockfeller as Latin American assistant state sec retary was hailed generally as an exhibit of this government's rising displeasure with Argentina — but A PP R EN TIC ES H IP FOR VETS there was far more behind it than (hat With many labor unions suffering State Secretary Byrnes was not from lack of apprentice help, partic required to change his Latin Ameri ularly the building trades unions, can assistant to express a genuine the federal committee on apprentice displeasure at Argentina’s failure ship has, through a survey of in to follow through her San Francisco dustry, learned that 300,000 appren promises of turning toward democ ticeship positions can be handled by industry from the ranks of return racy. Mr. Rockefeller had come to precisely the same view of the mat ing servicemen. ter even days before his public The committee consists of repre speech proclaiming his displeasure sentatives of management, labor , also. unions, the U. S. Department of What may ha.e had more to I-abor, (J. S. Office of Education, the do with the change was Mr. Federal Security agency and the Rockefeller’s record of having apprentice-training service of the strewn dollars around Latin W ar Manpower commission. America in a fantastic enter prises of purchasing good will, The committee has recommended but deeper than this fact, the that to protect veterans and to change really reflects the new maintain high standards of appren methods which are developing ticeship, adequate safeguards be set In the whole Byrnes reorganiza up by state agencies authorized to tion, and as a matter of fact, approve business establishments for the whole Truman-Byrnes In apprentice training to assure vet world affairs. erans thorough training in all Excuses and explanations have skilled trades. The committee has come confusingly on each separate ruled out as apprenilceable train change in personnel Mr. Byrnes has ing programs for occupations such made. The elevation of Dean Ache- as salesman, managerial positions, son. a New Dealer, to be Mr. Byrnes’ professional and semi-professional right-hand man, for example, was generally interpreted as a forecast positions and clerical work. of heavier emphasis on the Roose Definitions tor true apprentice velt themes. The New Dealers, ship which are reserved for all some said, were to gain at least round skilled trades and which have secondary control. A far more Im been adopted by WMC’s apprentice portant consideration was Mr. Ache- training service Include the follow son’s standing among congressmen. ing basic standards: (1 ) An ap- He is well liked in both the Senate prenticeable occupation is consid and the House and bis role is apt ered one that requires 4,000 or more to be a liaison man rather than Mr. Byrnes long hours to learn; (2 ) A schedule of policy-maker. functioned as a Roosevelt liaison the work processes to be learned on , man with Congress and places great the job: (3) A progressively in emphasis on attaining htll support. creasing scale of wages that should A campaign has long been main average not less than 50 per cent tained by the Liberals against W il of the journeyman's rate over the liam J. Dunn on the ground that apprenticeship period: (4 ) Provi he was not sufficiently belligerent sions for related classroom instruc against Spain. Yet, he was elevated tion of about 144 hours per year; to a position of increasing promi (5 ) Terms of condition of employ nence by Byrnes at the very same ment and training to be stated in a time the policy towards Spain was hardened by the Potsdam declara written agreement and registered tion. with the state apprenticeship coun The Republicans are currently cil; (6 ) Review of local apprentice interpreting all this interesting ships by the state or federal ap shake-up as meaning their ex prenticeship councils: (7 ) Appren clusion from new policy-making. ticeship to be jointly established Rockefeller, however, was the by the employer and employe; (8 ) only Republican in the former Adequate supervision and the keep State Department regime. On the other hand, there is a great ing of records for all apprentice tendency throughout the Tru ship programs. man Administration to solidify Q.— What Information must a vet the Democratic party hold on eran submit in order to apply for every Government power ob. guaranty of a loan under the Gl Bill tainable. of Rights? The general pattern at least seems A.—The veteran first executes a form called a certificate of eligibil clear. I t looks to me like a move ity. In this he gives a summary of to conceal formerly uncongenial ele his service record, the amount of ments In a new effort to develop a the loan, and the purpose for which new line of foreign policy behind It is to be used. This is submitted the Potsdam agreement. Its main to the Veterans Administration by political implication is clearly a step to harmonize the critical class the lending agency. groups of the nation behind the Q.— If a blue discharge from the newly developing foreign policy, to Army Is neither honorable nor dis bring them in and develop harmony honorable, under what circum for the strenuous endless troubles stances is it given? ahead (Republicans apparently ex A.— The W ar Department informs cluded). us that an honorable discharge cer The policy Itself Is developing tificate is given when a soldier’s along the same line. Less of a service has been honorable. A dis tendency to appease Russia Is al honorable discharge is given In com ready noticeable. The demand for pliance with the sentence of a gen full representation of all parties in eral court martial because of a m ili the Balkan elections has been per tary offense of a serious nature. A sistently maintained, and Britain discharge "other than honorable” won over to that purpose. Inci (blue) is given for in-between cases. dentally, when Stalin’s growling Q.— Is there a plan to release from press mouthpiece, Pravda, roared the Army men who have had four to out against our stand recently, con five years’ service without regard tending that the maintenance of to other factors? watchers at the polls would be an A.— No, there is no plan for re undue Influence on Bulgarian voters. I f you can Imagine the weight of lease because of length of service. There is authority for retirement our influence through watchers from of a soldier after 30 years service the distance across the seas while or if he is disabled in line of duty Russian troops are in possession of the country, it was. Mr. Byrnes shot a fte r 20 years service. Q.— I am in a veterans hospital back and did not give ground, say receiving domiciliary care. Can I ing the presence of fair-minded also receive educational or voca newspaper men as observers would tional rehabilitation benefits at the satisfy the commitments Russia made as to free elections Of course, same time. A.— Yes, the Veterans Adminis all this does not really guarantee tration has ruled that a veteran re free elections and may come far ceiving vocational training or edu from it. But our stand at least cation under either Public Law 346 won a delay and represented a new or Public Law 16 of the 78th Con tendency to avoid the past mistake gress while receiving domiciliary of not saying or doing anything to care Is not receiving duplicate bene offend Russia. The Russo-Chinese a g r e e m e n t fits, which is prevented by law. shows similar intentions. The pact Q.— There seems to be some diffi is supposed to hare been initiated culty over seniority rights in obtain or pressed by Mr. Truman upon ing my old job. la there anything I Moscow. In It Russia has given can do about it? ground In promising withdrawal A.— Yes, if you fill all other quali from Manchuria and cessation of fications of the selective service act the Communist effort to capture you are entitled to your old job as China. The agreement may not a matter or right, regardless of any settle the Asiatic problems. Few question of seniority. This is the authorities here think it has W rit ruling of the Federal Courts and ten agreements with Russia always of the National Headquarters of the cause men with good memories, and selective service system. not necessarily long ones, to await Q.— What is the ratio of disabled proof in action. veterans applying for jobs? A.—The W ar Manpower Commis sion reports that of more than 1,000,000 veterans who have sought Here’s the way the Department of employment at U. S. Employment Agriculture looks at the current service offices, approximately one- month’s farm picture: cash receipts fourth were physically disabled and from farm marketing about 15 per required selective placement tech cent higher than in August; slaugh niques. ter of all types of meat animals will Q.— How many loans and In what Increase; Income from poultry and amount haa been made under the eggs about the same as in August, G.l. Bill of Rights? compared with an Increase of 15 per A.—The Veterans Admtnistra cent In 1944; dairy product income tlon reports that through June, will decline seasonally; Income from 1945, 10,441 loans for a total of crops will be substantially above 617,241,457.4? bad been guaranteed August and about the same as in September 1944; greatest Income ;ain will be from cotton. Washington Briefs . . . (Note— la Drew Pearson's ab sence. Herbert Bayard Swope, long a student ol British politi cal affairs, contributes a guest column on the new labor gov ernment.) By HERBERT BAYARD SWOPE Former Editor of the New York World and Public Relations Adviser to the Secretary of War. NEW YORK. — The conservative defeat In England is not so striking a blow as some portray It. Unques tionably. there will be a trend to ward socialization, but I think that this will be confined, at least for the next few years, to the natural mo- noplles— power, light, heat, trans portation. communication (already in the state's hands except for cables) and, of course, mining, steel, and the Fank of England. But much of this has been on their program for j the last 25 years. In fact, even the Lloyd Oeorge government gave support to the ba- ■ sic plan. There will be a trend on the part of the radical movement in Photograph shows General M acA rthur and his Allied staff looking on as Gen. Hsu Yungrhang signs the this country to affiliate Itself surrender document aboard the USS Missouri, laying off Tokyo bay. The signatures of all Allied countries with the British program. And were added to those of the Japanese. M acA rthur signed for the United States. The terms of the surren I think there will be efforts to der are already being put Into effect, although it Is admitted by m ilitary authorities that It w ill take months gain a wider and deeper associa tion politically with Britain and before a working government Is set up In Japan. Russia. But 1 do not diseern any trend toward communism. Whatever Britain does will be done not by dictatorship, but under the rule of a true democracy That char acteristic saves it from becoming a repetition of Stalinism. After all. only two Communists were elected out of 27 who ran. That's not dan gerous, even though the propagand ists can—and do—claim 100 per cent Increase! (The Commies had one member In the last House.) No New Foreign Policy. I should doubt that there will be any decisive changes In foreign pol icy. Britain has consistently adhered to a pretty well formulated foreign policy for almost 300 years. However, it is reasonable to expect a greater sympathy on the part of the British foreign office for the movement left of center than with the kings and Tories the expiring government sup ported. An approach to self-govern ment in India is to be expected. I think foreign trade will become more international minded and more collective. I think It will move to ward further cartelization. The ques tion about British commerce grow ing will be dependent upon their range of wage. Labor will drive for wider employment and higher pay. Probably it will take over many fea tures of Beveridge's plan. To hold the British position in world markets will require subsidies. In other words, Britain will embark upon a species of protection. Long Labor Rule. Attlee is a good man, overshadow While Japan w ill be whittled down from a prewar em pire of 260,770 square miles to 146,690 square miles, ed by his association with Churchill. the adm inistration of the islands by the Allies w ill be a m ajor task. The control of the 72,000,000 Japs on the My guess is that labor Is In for a home Islands w ill not be easy for the Allies. M ap shows Industrial Japan. M any of these industries w ill be dis long run and, If there is any change placed. , - it will be to displace Attlee for one of Its own, such as Bevin or Mor rison. As its name Implies, this is a labor victory, built In a democratic framework. Unquestionably, the fact that labor received a clear majority of all the votes, will tend to unify the country. I believe there Is nothing to fear from England. In fact, we may be able to learn from this great experiment. My hope Is that there will not be too great a limitation set upon free • enterprise. We should remember that Ramsay MacDonald’s l a b o r government swung steadily to the right. In fact, | it Is axiomatic that the ins grow con servative and the outs more radical. That is happening In America I right now. I t wouldn’t be surprising If the Republicans were gradually to move to the left, as against the con servatism of the southern democracy. Universal War-Weariness. In my reading, it is almost a set tled law of history that every coun try engaged In a war repudiates the leadership that brought Its people into the war. We saw that exempli fied after World War I. All the vic tors were repudiated — Wilson In America, Lloyd Oeorge In Britain, Orlando in Italy, Clemenceau In France. And the losers, too: the Hohenzollerens, the Hapsburgs and the Romanoffs. Apparently a great wave of war- weariness overwhelms all peoples, This starved, em aciated POW and they throw out anyone remotely from Aom ori, near Yokohama, shows connected with the war. I f that be Babe Ruth, pilot of the Eastern nine, and Ty Cobb, m anager of the effects of m alnutrition at hands of true, it disposes of any question of military candidates. But there is Western nine of the Esquire All-Am erica boys, “ choose up’’ Just be Japs, as he was rescued by U . 8. small likelihood of that; America fore the start of the Boys East-West championship. They took tim e out mercy squadrons. In addition to hu man torches, other Inhuman and has chosen a great military figure to demand ball parks for every 1,000 boys In the United States. Ruth and barbaric brutal acts were practiced. really only once. That was Grant— Cobb still rem ain heroes to thousands of sand lot players. and his presidency was a stench. Attlee's cabinet is a strong one and certainly as good as Churchill bad. There Is an additional point, In connection with the English result, on which I should like to expatiate for Just a moment: We Won’t Copy England. There is an Insistent belief that the English elections are definitely an indication of how ours are going. While, unquestionably, the result shows a tendency. In reality there is nothing to warrant the belief that It is any more than such a tendency. In 1908 to 1911, Lloyd George was beginning his successful campaign for vast social reforms In Britain. We remained conservative, electing T a ft in 1908, and would have elected a Republican in 1912 had it not been for the Bull Mocse split. England went liberal during the war, and thereafter, but we turned solidly to the right Immediately after the war, while England, In the early '20s elected a labor government. In Spread on the table are the complete Japanese surrender papers, Ten-year-old Joe Morrison Is given 1923, when MacDonald got a plural Including term s of surrender. In the background can be seen one of the his final fishing Instructions before ity, we put our leadership in the Japanese delegates as he gazes a t the papers. A t least his hat got he returns to school. Like thousands hands of Calvin Coolidge. In the photograph. Copies of the surrender w ill be preserved for future of other boys, he spent some p a rt of generations, and as a guide for newer generations of Japs. the sum m er fishing and cam ping. A World Commercial Problem for Years to Come Choose Up for Boys All-American Papers of Historical Importance Japs Starved Yanks Good-By to Fishing a